Car-heater



L. P. HYNES.

CAR HEATER.

APPLICATIQN FILED JULY 2.1919.

Patnted. Oct. 4, 1921.

l Inventor By Attorney I W UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

LEE 1?. HYINIES, 01E ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO CONSOLIDATED CAB-HEATING COMPANY, 01 ALBANY, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION 01' WEST VIRGINIA.

' oaa nn'araa.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 4, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Len P. HYNES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gar-Heaters, the following being a full, clear, and exact disclosure of the one form of my invention, which I at present deem preferable.

Fora detailed description cfthe present form of my invention, reference may be had to the following specification and to the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, wherein- Figure 1 is a section of a car-seat with the heater-element in elevation;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken above the said element.

In an application filed herewith (Serial Number 308,150), I have described and claimed a system of car-heating wherein the individual heaters are all connected to the trolley-line, being adjusted in resistance to trolley-line voltage, and formed of fine wire embedded in a thin sheet of insulation. This insulation is preferably incased in a skin or sheathing of metal. This construction affords the heater an extended radiating surface operated at a temperature lower than the temperature of the heater-wire itself, and eliminates the electrical dangers which characterize the bare-wire form of car-heater now in universal use.

The present invention relates to a system of the kind aforesaid and involves particularly a heater arrangement illustrated by its application to a car provided with side seats and heaters under such seats delivering heat through the panels or risers thereof.

Referring to the drawing, 17 represents the panel or riser of a seat extending longitudinally along one side of a car. The part 16 represents a number of guard-bars extending across an opening in the riser. These bars are merely a protection for ladies dresses and similar objects and do not correspond to the usual perforated plate used with the bare-wire type of heater. It is one of the advantages of my improved car-heating system that I am enabled to dispense with such perforated plates of which sixty per cent. is necessarily solid metal which seriously obstruct the outflow of heated air into the car. Such restricted outflow reduces the delivery of heat by the heater and to form the triangular housing ends 19-19.

This housing is practically open in front and at the'bottom. On the inclined back 25 1s mounted the heater 1 whichis flat in form and stands in an inclined position parallel to the said back but spaced away therefrom. The construction of. this heater-element is shown and explained in detail in my application aforesaid, it being sufficient for the present case to take note of its flat form and to understand that it includes a fine heaterwire adjusted in length, size and resistance to the trolley-line voltage and is embedded in a sheet of insulating material covered with a skin or sheath of metal. It is secured in the position shown by means of feet 5, 5 which are formed by turning down the ends of the metal sheath and riveting them to the plate 25. The terminals of the coil are shown at 2, 2. In this arrangement the air to be heated enters the lower partof the inclosure formed by the sheet 25, and flows upward over both surfaces of the fiat inclined heater-element and is at the same time gradually deflected outward by the sheet until it emerges into the car through the upper part of the opening in the riser. This affords a free, unobstructed volume of air to pass over the element and to be adequately heated thereby So effective is the device that in a heater element ten inches in length I can concentrate the same amount of electric heating energy that requires a length of twenty-two inches in a heater of the standard type. At the same time my heater is but one-half an inch in thickness or less in contrast to the two-inch diameter of the standard heater. An element of the flat type shown, arranged in this inclined position, offers but little obstruction to the air current while its entire radiating surface lies parallel to that current and delivers heat thereto at a rapid and uniform rate. In the standard heater, on the contrary, the coils on the top and bottom of the porcelain spindle can not deliver heat so advantageously as those on the sides of the spindle. That limits in said standard heater the rate of radiation tending to overheating of the top and bottom coils, such restriction being ad ditional to the restriction of the air current itself by the small erforations requlred to avoid electrical accldents due to the barewire employed in the coils. In my arrangement there is no restriction of the air current and the radiation is highly eificient and uniform.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An electric car-heater comprising a heater element having its wire adjusted for trolley-line voltage and embedded in a sheet of insulation located in an inclined position, and a housing-wall spaced away from said element and having a portion parallel therewith for directin an air current over said element into the lnterior of the car.

2. An electric car-heater comprising a heater-Wire embedded in a sheet of insulation and placed in an inclined position near the floor of the car together with a housing having its walls spaced away from the heater, one wall of said housing being arranged parallel with the heater todirect an air current over the inclined radiating surface in a direction parallel to the plane of said surface.

3. An electric heater comprising a flat heating unit, a housing having an open door and provided with an inclined rear wall, and means securin said heating unit to said rear wall wit its radiating surface parallel with and spaced from said wall.

4. An electric heater comprising a flat heating unit, an inclined supporting and refleeting wall, and means securing said heating unit to said wall with its radiating surface parallel therewith but spaced therefrom. a

5. An electric car-heater comprising a heater element having its wire embedded in a sheet of insulation presenting a flat area of radiating surface having a temperature lower than the temperature of the wire, and an inclined housing-Wall parallel to the plane of said radiating surface but spaced therefrom for directing an air current over and parallel to said surface and into the interior of the car.

6. An electric car-heater comprising a heater element having its wire embedded in a sheet of insulation presenting a fiat area of, radiating surface and a housing therefor open in front to the interior of the car and provided in the rear with an inclined wall parallel with the plane of said radiating surface for directing an air current over said radiating surface parallel thereto and into the interior of the car.

7. The combination with a car seat riser having an opening therein of a flat heating unit, a housln secured to said riser within the opening t ereof, said housing having an open front and an inclined rear wall, and means securing said heating unit to said rear wall with its radiating surface parallel therewith but spaced therefrom.

Signed at Albany, county of Albany, State of New York, this 27th da of June, 1919.

L E P. HYN ES. 

